Verticillium wilt disease ratings ‘one step closer’, says AHDB

Consistent and reproducible differences in verticillium wilt infection levels occur between oilseed rape varieties, according to new AHDB-funded research.

This key finding means that significant potential exists to produce verticillium disease ratings as part of the AHDB Recommended List (RL) trials system.

The development is good news for growers, who indicated recently that disease resistance is one of the most important features on the RL.

The presence of the soilborne disease, caused by Verticillium longisporum, was first detected in England in 2007. Since then, significant differences in the occurrence and severity of disease symptoms between varieties have been observed in a limited number of trials. In 2014, AHDB issued a call for research to improve understanding of the nature of disease resistance, which was awarded to NIAB.

Inoculated and naturally infected trials were conducted over three seasons. These found highly consistent differences between varieties in the level of symptom expression.

Although no varieties were found to be completely resistant, several varieties showed consistently low infection levels. Associated with fewer fungal spores, these varieties could play an important role in reducing the amount of disease returned to the soil.

Based on a mean verticillium disease index (0–100 scale), the most resistant variety had a score of 26.2 and the most susceptible variety had a score of 60.0. This translated to a provisional disease resistance rating of 7.6 and 2.1, respectively (1–9 scale).

Three varieties with high levels of partial resistance and three relatively susceptible varieties were included in four trials to investigate yield effects. Although these were variable, susceptible varieties showed significantly greater yield depression in one trial, and the more resistant varieties showed little or no effect throughout all trials.

Oil content was not significantly affected by the presence of infection. Surprisingly, thousand seed weight was also unaffected in the trial that showed significant yield depression. This indicates that components of yield, such as pod number or seeds per pod were affected, rather than seed size.

There was an indication that some varieties may be tolerant to infection, having a small and non-significant yield penalty, despite high infection levels.

Pathogen isolates collected from infected crops in Suffolk and Lincolnshire were used within the inoculated tests. These isolates belonged to the A1D1 lineage. Because of the strong similarities in variety performance across the UK, for both inoculated and naturally infected trials, the researchers concluded that the UK V. longisporum population is relatively uniform.

Catherine Garman, who manages disease research at AHDB, said: “Variety reactions to verticillium infection are significantly and consistently different. This means we are one step closer to producing resistance ratings for this disease. The RL team will now look at how to implement a reliable ratings system.”

Verticillium wilt has recently been renamed as verticillium stem stripe. This new common name better reflects the symptoms caused by the disease. Further information on the disease can be accessed via ahdb.org.uk/verticillium-stem-stripe

This news release is based on AHDB Final Project Report 605: Evaluation of resistance levels to verticillium wilt in UK oilseed rape varieties and relevance to productivity.

Led by NIAB, the report was prepared as part of a 41-month project (2140002105) that started in June 2015. ADAS was a scientific partner. The work was funded by a contract for £117,400 from AHDB Cereals & Oilseeds.

Disease symptoms: Unilateral brown stem stripes (left) and late-stage stem shredding with microsclerotial development (right).